RIPng

使用UDP521（源UDP端口及目的UDP端口都是521）
最大跳数依然是15跳
携带的网络前缀是128bis，而不是32bits
下一跳地址是128bits
使用Linklocal 地址作为协议数据包的源地址，发送RIPng消息到邻接RIPng路由器。使用FF02::9作为RIPng更新的目标地址
Distance 默认120

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2012::1/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 rip RIPprocess enable

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2012::2/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 rip RIPprocess enable

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2023::3/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 rip RIPprocess enable

查看路由表测试连通性

R1#show ipv route
C   2012::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, directly connected
L   2012::1/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, receive
R   2023::/64 [120/2]
     via FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE00:2000, Ethernet0/0
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]
     via Null0, receive
R1#ping 2023::3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2023::3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/12/60 ms

在R1上下发默认路由

interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 rip RIPprocess default-information originate

OSPFv3

OSPF V2与V3有相似之处：
- 使用相同的基本数据包类型，如Hello、DBD、LSR、LSU、和LSA
- 邻居发现和邻接关系形成机制是相同的
- 支持在遵循RFC的NBMA和点到多点拓扑模式上的OSPV3操作。OSPFv3也支持CISCO的其他模式，例如点到点等
- LSA泛洪和衰老机制是相同的
OSPF V2与V3的不同之处：
- OSPFv3运行在链路上，每条链路有可以有多个OSPFv3实例
- OSPFv3的RouterID还是32bits的，如果路由器上没有配置IPv4地址，则在OSPFv3进程中需手工指定RouterID
- OSPFv3使用IPv6 Linklocal地址标识OSPFv3邻接的邻居
- 新的LSA类型
  - 链路LSA（LSA类型0x0008）：每条链路都有一个链路LSA，这个新类型提供了路由器的本地链路地址，并列出了链路的所有IPv6前缀
  - 区内前缀LSA（LSA类型0x2009）
  - RFC2740
  - OSPFv3使用组播地址：FF02::5及FF02::6
  - 在认证这块，不使用OSPFv2中定义的认证方法。而是使用AH及ESP扩展头部作为安全机制

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2012::1/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2012::2/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
 ipv6 address 2023::2/34
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2023::3/64
 ipv6 enable
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

检查邻居关系

R2#sh ipv ospf nei

            OSPFv3 Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface
3.3.3.3           1   FULL/DR         00:00:32    3               Ethernet0/1
3.3.3.3           1   FULL/DR         00:00:30    3               Ethernet0/0

观察到8类和9类LSA

R2#sh ipv ospf nei

            OSPFv3 Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface
3.3.3.3           1   FULL/DR         00:00:32    3               Ethernet0/1
3.3.3.3           1   FULL/DR         00:00:30    3               Ethernet0/0
R2#sho ipv ospf da
R2#sho ipv ospf database 

            OSPFv3 Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)

		Router Link States (Area 0)

ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Fragment ID  Link count  Bits
 2.2.2.2         73          0x80000007  0            2           None
 3.3.3.3         71          0x80000007  0            1           None

		Net Link States (Area 0)

ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Rtr count
 3.3.3.3         77          0x80000003  3          2

		Link (Type-8) Link States (Area 0)

ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Interface
 2.2.2.2         152         0x80000002  4          Et0/1
 3.3.3.3         116         0x80000002  3          Et0/1
 2.2.2.2         174         0x80000001  3          Et0/0
 3.3.3.3         201         0x80000001  3          Et0/0

		Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)
          
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Ref-lstype  Ref-LSID
 3.3.3.3         77          0x80000003  3072       0x2002      3